Airport Architecture and Design in Improving Travelers Experience

4.0  Analysis of The Architectures & Interior Designs of The Airports 4.1 Evolution and Changes in The Exterior of The Airports Figure 16 Subang Airport Exterior Back in 1960’s, the old portal frame warehouse concept of Subang Airport (Figure 16) was built using a generous amount of concrete as it was durable and concrete can be easily found abundantly in that era. As a passive design strategy, the overall massive structure of the airport with graceful arches and roof structure that was supported by the columns can the reduce the island heat effect and improving air quality by allowing the cool air ventilate the space below the roof structure. Hence, the comfortability of the travelers can be increased due to the natural air ventilation and protection from the sun. Moreover, a massive spiral ramp that connects the ground floor and first floor was built to provide accessibility to the disabled and at the same give off a grand and huge impression to the travelers. The

Exterior -Back in 1966, the overall massive structure of the airport was built by concrete with arches and roof structure that was supported by the columns and looked like a portal frame warehouse. -The concrete is used as it can reduce the island heat effect and improving air quality hence improving the comfortability of the users by providing cool spaces. -A massive spiral ramp that connects the ground floor and first floor provide accessibility to the disabled and at the same give off a grand and huge impression to the travelers. Ease the burden travelers to carry or pull their heavy luggage between the floors. -After the refurbishment of Subang Airport Terminal 3, the overall exterior was changed into an aeronautical aesthetic theme, which resembles the flow of a departing aircraft. (HL Architect, n.d.) -The simple, bold and dynamic lines of the composite aluminium panels give off an essence of aviation (HL Architect, n.d.). The lighting effects in the night give off an

KLIA & KLIA2 Satellite Building As the permission to visit the KLIA & KLIA2 Satellite Building is not yet confirmed by the Malaysia Airport's management, these are the few videos from youtube that have been used as a part of research and studies to support my analysis in my writing. Airport Tour KLIA2, 2017. [Youtube] Reza Fahlv, 11March. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z0DlUJrEltg  [Accessed 17 November 2017]. First Time Walking Thru KLIA2 For Flight To Boracay, 2015. [Youtube] Life in Digital Colour, 26 May. Available at:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6CUl6YefSKY   [Accessed 17 November 2017]. Kuala Lumpur International Airport - Satellite Terminal - Transfer to Connection Flight - KLIA, 2016. [Youtube] Traveller - Flight Reviews & Travel Videos, 23 October. Available at:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pLAGgM1XGdc [Accessed 17 November 2017].

4.2 Kuala Lumpur International Airport 2 (KLIA2) Exterior Overall View of KLIA2 -The concept of simple folding planes was used to build and design the building envelope. A contemporary structure with simple and clean lines compared to KLIA which shows more local Malay Architecture style. -Roof canopy was built with aeronautic forms with a clean curve and simple lines. Give users an experience of looking at a lifting canopy and plane take off instead of carrying the weight of the structure. -However, the bold and simple lines were designated to suit the local hot and humid climate. The arch form of roof structure promotes natural ventilation utilizing the laminar airflow over its surface to its surrounding. However, some users found that the temperature at the drop-off area and transportation hub is hot and not well ventilated due to heat released from vehicles and local hot climate. -Monochromatic finishing with steels structure. Steel is more light-weighted and durable

Exterior Drop Off Point Hypar Roof Structure -“Airport in A Forest, Forest in A Airport” concept is implemented in the airport. -The impressive architecture of the airport was built in Sepang, surrounded by a forest and palm tree plantation. Hence, the forms of the airport are derived from the local palm tree. -The form of the exterior gives off a local identity of Islamic domes to overseas travelers as well as local with its traditional styles. -Stainless steels structure and modern materials created with the rendering of mosque-inspired architecture created a contrast between the lush green forest and airport hence creating a dramatic effect on the users. -Uses of stilts with organic design of roof structure can reduce the heat of the drop-off area and also provide a better ventilation. 40.3% agreed that the spaces are well ventilated. -The stilts opened up the spaces and allow breeze to ventilate the drop-off and pick up area hence provide a comfortable tempe

3.0  The Evolution of Airport Design Chart 1 Timeline of Kuala Lumpur’s Airports History Figure 8 Sungai Besi Airport In 1933, before any international airport in Kuala Lumpur, Sungai Besi Airfield was the first all purposed landing ground for all light and medium aircraft. The airfield was then expanded with air traffic control conducted by the British in 1948 to allow a better communication between the aircraft and the airport. Sungai Besi airport was commenced as Kuala Lumpur International Airport in the year of 1956 after a turbo propeller flight, Bristol Britannia took off to Europe (Zjian Wai, 2016). However, the main international airport moved to Subang after nine years of operation due to air communication problems and was used as base the of Royal Malaysia Air Force, Royal Malaysia Police Air Wing and the air unit of Malaysia Fire and Rescue Department today (Airport Worldwide, n.d.). Figure 9 Subang Airport in 1965 Subang Airport, the main Kual